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Getting to know Great Britain <

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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated off the Northwest coast of Europe. The UK consists of four parts. They are: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK lies on the British Isles. The two main islands are: Great Britain and Ireland. They are separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The west coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea, the east coast is washed by the North Sea.
English is the official, but not the only language which people speak in the country.

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Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (13 October 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a British politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and the Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British Prime Minister of the 20th century and is the only woman to have held the office. A Soviet journalist called her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style. As Prime Minister, she implemented policies that have come to be known as Thatcherism.
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Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square. This most impressive monument is 170 feet tall. It is flanked by fountains and guarded by four monumental bronze lions. Quite often the square becomes the location for meetings and demonstrations of Londoners.
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The Tower of London is London's most famous landmark was built by William the Conqueror in 1078,but it's best known historical connections are with Tudor monarchs. Two of Henry VIII's six wives, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, were beheaded here at his command. After his death, his daughter Elizabeth was imprisoned here by her older sister Mary.But when Mary died in 1558,she was obliged to make Elizabeth her successor. Elizabeth the  I's reign was a golden age of sea exploration, discovery and military victory.In 1588 Elizabeth the I's gave a famous speech to her troops on the day before faced the much superior Spanish Armada and defeated them!

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I know that tea is the most popular drink in Britain. It is even more popular than coffee, which is favoured  throughout Europe and America. Tea-drinking is a fashionable social ritual in Britain.
Tea in Britain is brewed in a teapot. Then the one spoonful of tea per person  and one for the pot is added.
The British prefer a rich, strong cup of tea with milk, and sugar  is sometimes  added to taste.

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The University of Oxford (commonly referred to as Oxford University or simply Oxford)—located in Oxford, England, United Kingdom—is the oldest university in the English-speaking world, and the second-oldest surviving university in the world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096. Oxford regularly contends with Cambridge for the first place in the UK league tables, and consistently ranks among the top five universities in the world, according to global rankings. http://s2.uploads.ru/t/wzDsn.jpg

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I know that all the famous Big Ben is actually called Elizabeth Tower
Big Ben is called the bell inside the tower
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The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. They became the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed act in the rock music era. The group's best-known lineup consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. Rooted in skiffle and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later utilized several genres, ranging from pop ballads to psychedelic rock, often incorporating classical and other elements in innovative ways. In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity first emerged as "Beatlemania", but as their songwriting grew in sophistication, they came to be perceived by many fans and cultural observers as an embodiment of the ideals shared by the era's sociocultural revolutions.

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The word "Great" was added to the word "Britain" to designate the country as political unit. Thus, Britain is an island, and Great Britain is geopolitical unit.http://s3.uploads.ru/t/lD4WL.jpg

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British apologize at the slightest pretext even if anything serious didn't make. For example, if the person faces an exit from shop and noticed your second confusion about it — it will apologize.

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The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia, on the River Cam, about 50 miles (80 km) north of London. According to the United Kingdom Census 2001, its population was 108,863 (including 22,153 students), and was estimated to be 130,000 in mid-2010. There is archaeological evidence of settlement in the area in bronze age and Roman times, and under Viking rule Cambridge became an important trading centre. The first town charters were granted in the 12th century, although city status was not conferred until 1951.
Today, Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the city. Its economic strengths lie in industries such as software and bioscience, many start-up companies having been spun out of the university. Over 40% of the workforce have a higher education qualification, more than twice the national average.

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In local supermarkets simply darkness of ready food for all tastes which should be used within several days after purchase. There it is possible to find both Chinese, and Indian, and English kitchens.http://s2.uploads.ru/t/u2bhm.jpg

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Almost everyone has an umbrella, because rain can start quite suddenly. But usually it is not for long.
The average annual rainfall is 584 mm, which is less than in Rome or Sydney. So the eternal London rain - a myth.

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The Great Plague of London.

This is a terrible epidemic that has been in London in the ground and the Southeast of England in the years 1665-1666.

As a result of the plague died out almost a fifth half-million population of London. Business life has stopped, yard and all who had the opportunity to get out of town, went to the countryside, where the disease was less. But do not pass it and villagers. For example, in a small village in Derbyshire Aime of about 300 350 inhabitants died. The Royal Society was trying to find out the cause of the epidemic, but has failed.

  A year later, the great fire of London destroyed much of the city and after the 1665 plague in London ended.

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The Sherlock Holmes Museum.
In 1990, a museum was at last opened at 221b Baker Street, though it should have happened long ago. After all, 221b Baker Street is the worlds most famous address and people have been writing to it for more than 100 years.  The Sherlock Holmes' Museum is unlike other museums. You can sit in Holmes' s armchair by the fireplace, you can examine his things and put on his deerstalker. But you must bring your own pipe to smoke! Most letters come from the United States and many correspondents ask if Mr. Holmes can help them with some problem, such as finding a missing relative (or a pet). Greeting cards arrive at Christmas and on Holmes' birthday (he was born on January, 6th). Dr. Watson is not forgotten either.
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Hello!

I know Stonehenge in England.
This building a UNESCO World Heritage stone megalithic structures in Wiltshire.
One of the most famous archaeological sites in the world.
Stonehenge situated about 130 km of London.

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Hello!

I want tell you about Ferris wheel.
This is a huge, world's tallest ferris wheel.
32-wheel cab, designed for 25 people each, make a complete rotation every half hour.
And if weather permits, you will see the town and its surroundings within a radius of 40 km.

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Hello!

Do you like animal? I like, because i wiil wrote you about  LONDON ZOO.
It is the oldest and one of the largest zoos in the world.
The world's largest collection of reptiles.
Located north of Regent's Park.

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There are many superstition in Britain.
One of the most widely-held is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house. It will either bring misfortune to the person the opened it. The person who opens an umbrella in fine weather is very unpopular.
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Greenwich - the historic district of London, lying on the right bank of the Thames. The name comes from the Anglo-Saxon area "village green."
Not far away, in the thickets of Greenwich Park, located on a small hill building of the Royal Observatory, founded by Charles II in order to teach English sailors to determine longitude at the location of the stars. Now in its building houses the Museum of astronomical and navigational devices.

Here is the same meridian, which is the starting point of longitude and time zones around the globe

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Green hills of Shropshire form one of the most beautiful, peaceful and authentic neighborhoods of England. Soft landscape and low population density makes these places very unusual tourist area - near the center of the densely populated country can freely enjoy extreme riding, cycling or light trekking. The capital of the county, Shrewsbury, is probably the most beautiful city in Tudor, and is known for its Romanesque buildings and medieval streets, many places have not changed over the past century. Vrokstera lie near the ruins Virokonuma - the fourth largest city in Roman Britain. Ironbridge Gorge Museum (south of Telford) - the best museum of industrial archeology in Britain, and possibly - in the world.

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Wales - the land of beautiful landscapes and majestic medieval castles - for every square kilometer here has more castles than anywhere else in the world. The most famous castles "defensive ring", built during the reign of King Edward I, conquered Wales in the XIII century.: Harlech Castle, towering on a cliff in the heart of Wales, Conwy Castle, located at the mouth of the river, the castle Boumaris on the island of Anglesey and, of course, the most impressive castle - Caernarfon. In 1969 it took place in the castle ceremony introducing the Queen's son Charles in the title of Prince of Wales. About a fifth of the territory of Wales is a National Park - the rocky peaks and mirror-like surface of lakes, sandy coves and bays, the mysterious underground caves Dan ir-Ogof - the realm of stalactites and stalagmites.
Cardiff, capital of Wales, - the historical, commercial and cultural center of the country. Must have a look at the magnificent Cardiff Castle, which is a combination of the Roman fort and luxurious mansion of the XIX century. with strolling peacocks. Fabulously beautiful and its neighboring castle Castle Koch with the existing drawbridge and conical turrets, recovered from the ruins of the XVI century., And Landaf and Cathedral Church of St. John the Baptist (XV c.).

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UK National Parks cover about 7% of the country. They do not have any special animals and exotic plants, but areas such as Dartmoor, Exmoor, Lake District, Peak District, Yorkshire Dales, North York, New Forest, Northumberland Broads and attract thousands of tourists. The peculiarity of the British national parks is that it is not "blind" area, and quite close to the major cities of the areas that permit any activity aimed at the restoration of nature, so most of the national parks are more like a huge city parks or botanical gardens. Many of them - private ownership with all the ensuing consequences.

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Norman conquest of England - the invasion of England in 1066 the army of William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy. The conquest of England began with the Norman victory at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, followed by Duke William became King of England.

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After the conquest of England by William built a fortress - Tower.

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William

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Great Fire of London lasted for four days. The fire started in a bakery on the street Farrinera Thomas Pudding Lane. On Monday, the fire continued to spread north to central London. On Tuesday, the fire spread to most of the city, destroying St. Paul's Cathedral, and moved to the opposite bank of the River Flit. Despite numerous radical proposals, London was reconstructed on the same plan as before the fire.  The fire also helped get rid of the Great Plague, which raged in London in 1665.
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